The Makkah Joint Defence Agreement: The Rise of a New Islamic Security Bloc
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The formalisation of a trilateral defence agreement between the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, the Republic of Türkiye and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan on 7 August 2026 marks a watershed moment in Middle Eastern and South Asian security architectures. Signed in Jeddah by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan and Prime…
TWO MILESTONES IN HISTORY: Pakistan’s Nuclear tests – and the Conquest of Constantinople
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The month of May has been important in history. On 28 May 1998, Pakistan became a nuclear power, the first and only country in the Muslim world to attain this status. Pakistan was constrained to conduct the tests after India carried out its provocative nuclear tests. This also needs to be noted in the…
